Slow Down and Zoom Out: Crypto Is Still in the 1980s Internet Era Crypto today is fractured in almost a 1:1 fashion to how computers were networked back in the 70s and early 80s. In the 1980s, there wasn’t one internet -- there were ARPANET, BITNET, CSNET, and dozens of other isolated networks. Fragmentation and interop are terms crypto borrows from the compute + networking past, not first principles. Crypto’s L1s, L2s, and L3s is just a new version of an old problem. Most of the energy in crypto today is going into infrastructure and protocol development. Chains, market making, restaking, interop, DEXs, borrowing/lending; it is all plumbing. Essential for the system to work, but invisible to most people (as it should be). It’s the same as the 1980s, when TCP/IP, SMTP, and DNS were being hammered out at the protocol level of standardization. Back then, mostly just engineers and researchers were computer networking fiends because the systems were so complex to deal with, just as only the terminally online today understand the memetics and game theory of early DeFi. In the 80s, internet users were concentrated in universities, research institutes, and governments. The analog in crypto is VC-backed chains, fintechs, and money managers: BlackRock with stablecoins, Stripe with payments, Wyoming with state-backed tokens. These are different organizations, but the same types of people. This isn’t to say the infra isn’t world-changing in crypto. It just isn’t consumer-facing yet. Just as the internet was invisible before Mosaic, crypto hasn’t had its browser moment. Wallets are clunky, exchanges hard to onboard to, UX mediocre (though improving). There are not enough use-cases that allow people to *use* crypto, outside of just buying bitcoin and watching it go up. Early computers and internet had similar UX issues. But Netscape was the level-step for the web in terms of onboarding the masses. It took complex protocols and made them interactive; finally there was something to click and magic to feel. The most obvious candidate for a level-step in crypto is stablecoins paired with a simple payment app. I think stablecoins are email — the first real use case for crypto networks that everybody will need. I think a payment app might be Netscape — the moment crypto becomes obvious: money that moves instantly, globally, without banks in just a click for less than a cent. This will probably look/feel like a wallet, if I had to guess. Lots of people want to speedrun history, but that shortchanges how big an idea crypto really is. I just do not think we are in the app age yet. It is still an era of B2B; of onboarding the networks that coordinate value (banks, governments, fintechs). Actual users are downstream of these networks. In general, believe we haven’t even hit the personal computer phase yet of cyrpto -- no super simple, felt experiences for everyday people. Social money, where payments and value flow like media (what Zora hints at now), is still decades away. Just as Facebook was 15 years after Mosaic (which was 15 years after arpanet), crypto’s social layer is still far off from being felt at scale. Crypto is the best money technology invented since government and it's going to take awhile for it to spread across humanity and such. Don't get me wrong: crypto is here, it’s inevitable, but the work right now is infrastructure, of networking the networks of civilizations. Get institutions issuing assets, get employers paying in crypto, connect banks and fintechs -- the same way early computers first connected governments, firms, and universities. Woo

My data stack for crypto stuff: * ethereum usage @DuneAnalytics * dApp revenue @tokenterminal * TVL @DefiLlama * dApp usage @DappRadar * token prices YTD @CryptoRank_io * DAO activity @DeepDAO_io * crypto web traffic @TheBlock__ * NFT performance @cryptoslamio 1/2

never hire crypto natives. go to the banks. find the executives. the VPs. the oldest ones, the wisest ones, those who exude longevity. the former consultants, perhaps. the wearers of suits and watches. make sure they have never interacted onchain. and then poach them. give them decision-making power. do this quickly, without caution. they have been there and done that. trust their opinions, never verify. they are wise and in charge and will bring with them mass adoption the likes this industry has never seen. this is how crypto wins.

context on marketing team culture

For each like this post gets, we print another LayerZero F*cks shirt. Only 10 in existence right now.

the genesis message sent via layerzero was the word “GIN” it was a batched message, moved by layerzero from ethereum to bnb chain avalanche polygon fantom arbitrum optimism. why? because the first message sent via the internet was supposed to be “LOGIN” but the connection crashed and only “LO” made it thru. the genesis message “GIN” signifies the completion of the internet by bringing it to every blockchain thru layerzero: from ethereum to solana to arbitrum to tron to bnb chain. the goal of layerzero is for data and money and software to exist and move and trade in a natively digital way that was never possible in the current version of the internet. it is for digital messaging to be genuinely immutable, permissionless, and censorship resistant so that the next generation of internet applications can be better than the last: more open, less intermediaries, and fully owned thanks to existing across blockchains. this story got a bit lost in all of the craziness this morning, but i think it is a powerful anecdote. “gin” is layerzero’s version of “the times 03/Jan/2009 chancellor on brink of second bailout for banks” — a declaration that the current system is broken and can be fixed via crypto. an idea embedded inside the genesis message is a powerful thing. excited to see what’s next.

The new BED index with @indexcoop + @bankless is very intriguing. 33% BTC 33% ETH 33% DeFi I've spent 18 months building a portfolio and making mistakes and I'm telling you... if you are new to the space, just grab some BED, HODL, and you'll be good to go 1/

Bitcoin. Ethereum. LayerZero.

i think @ether_fi is the most underrated team in crypto. casually sits as the fourth-largest application in crypto by tvl ($9B), but almost never hear them talked about.

the layerzero squad is so underrated. -- @PaikCapital: mr. defi (he's forgotten more defi than i currently know) (also a decent trader, so i've heard) -- @0xmitvh: former AA wallet founder, now research extraordinaire (he should tweet more ) -- @PrimordialAA: poker, AI, poker and AI, crypto -- the stinkiest of penguins -- @rizzuto44: name sounds like risotto, cool as other side of pillow, gets everything done, KNOWER of defi -- @Bakxys: former web3 googler turned BD czar of LZ -- @ldf_gm: nebulous background, now narrating the growth of the omnichain -- @SmokerCrypto: the lead ofprotocol and infra @ lz, and shitcoiner extraordinaire (owner of lzKevin) -- @jsindy: head of infrastructure (at an infrastructure protocol) (woah) -- @MaybeMaxPower: operator ("WHO IS MAX POWER?") -- @crosschaingah: ecosystem wizard, host of all things twitter spaceS, the man who knows everyone -- @evmlabs: former consensys nerd (sorry) turned ridiculously talented solutions architect -- @unkrakable: bro knows more about solana than solana (devrel prince, should follow, absolute unit) -- @shin_novation: the eagle has landed and that eagle is the BD czar Dave Shin -- @caleb_banister: cofounder turned butler (hello $100K BTC)? -- @sirarthurmoney: bio says "dev" at LayerZero. i'll leave it at that (what a unit) -- @velvet_shark: underwater devrel. new to the team, but brought chocolate on first day. absolutely GOATed. -- @domdotx: the best community lead in the space. underrated, well-dressed, etc. -- @Richard_DTrick: retired D1 water polo, but, mostly, the man of talent at LZ -- @IsaacN0tNewton: chief architect, sweet midrange jumper, ponders better than anyone else in the world -- @lz_warlock: literally a warlock. dunno what else to say. -- @ryanzarick: deleted twitter (he's in the jungle, the mighty jungle)

2/ * tradfi crypto product inflow/outflow @CoinSharesCo * web3 funding @dovemetrics * wallet tracking @nansen_ai * hashrates and such @coinmetrics * on-chain data @glassnode * solana NFTs @hyperspacexyz * gas prices @ycharts

LayerZero currently eating about 75% market share of messaging protocols in terms of USD volume

big week. week just started.

Digital money was built on Bitcoin. Digital finance was built on Ethereum. And I think the digital economy will be built on LayerZero. Which is why I'm so excited to announce that I have joined @LayerZero_Labs!

Job Update: Narrative Lead @ LayerZero

stargate does more volume than wormhole - $76B compared to $63B - stargate supports more chains than across - 85 compared to 21 - stargate sends more txs than axelar - 55M compared to 3.7M - now it is home, with a brighter north star: one interface. all value transfer.

the problem i have with the @NEARProtocol marketing campaign is it makes fun of crypto without bringing anyone else into the space. it is literally just noise on the timeline. venom for the sake of virality. reminds me of the terrible algorand commercials and the solana breakpoint commercials. this stuff sucks. it only speaks to crypto twitter people. and it only goes viral because it's dystopian. it really makes me hate it here. crypto marketing should be making fun of tradfi and the bullshit that happens in the real world. tearing down other builders and protocols is lazy and probably harmful. there is no need for it. while near got me to click on their profile multiple times today, they lost a potential user and any respect i had for their tech. anyways.

10 Interesting LayerZero Use-Cases -- @clustersxyz: one name, all chains -- @StargateFinance: liquidity network, OFT hub -- @ethena: omnichain internet money -- @tokenbound_: one NFT, all the chains -- @OmniX_NFT: ONFT launchpad -- @MIM_Spell: omnichain stablecoin -- @tapioca_dao: stablecoin, omnichain money market, runs a DVN -- @AngleProtocol: xchain governance -- @gasdotzip: gas refuel -- @RDNTCapital: lending, composability, OFT

Real-time, open conversation in the week leading up to TGE. This is the kind of transparency that should be standard in crypto.

Depending on who you are – your job, your portfolio, your education, your predilection for memes – the way you understand @LayerZero_Labs will most likely be different. It’s the same way with most crypto primitives. For instance, a financial manager, an Uber driver, and your grandmother will likely have different definitions for what Bitcoin is. In that example, Bitcoin is probably something akin to digital gold, a thing to trade, or darknet money that is used by terrorists, respectively. With that in mind, having a single definition for LayerZero kinda defeats the purpose. Which is why I curated a few explanations for a few of the most likely readers of my tweets... For the whitepaper enthusiasts: Utilizing an immutable endpoint, append-only verification modules, and fully configurable verification infrastructure, LayerZero provides the security, configurability, and extensibility necessary to achieve omnichain interoperability. LayerZero enforces strict application-exclusive ownership of protocol security and costs through its novel trust-minimized modular security framework designed to universally support all blockchains and use cases. Omnichain applications (OApps) built on the LayerZero protocol achieve frictionless blockchain-agnostic interoperation through LayerZero’s universal network semantics. For the nerds: LayerZero is a verification agnostic transport layer that enables smart contracts on different blockchains to interoperate. It is a fully connected mesh network not bound to any infrastructure or blockchain. LayerZero is an “omnichain” protocol enabling application owners to interchange and configure security parameters without disrupting the process of message transport. For the web3 developers: LayerZero is an immutable, permissionless, and censorship-resistant protocol that connects blockchains. Using LayerZero, developers can send arbitrary messages across chains while preserving full control over their application’s security. LayerZero enables developers to create and configure unified applications, tokens, and data primitives, regardless of chain. This concept of unified cross-chain development is encapsulated in the word “omnichain” and is what LayerZero envisions the future of crypto moving towards. For the technology enthusiasts: LayerZero is to blockchains what TCP/IP is to the internet. Where TCP/IP allows different computers running different operating systems on different networks to communicate (and thus create a connected internet), LayerZero enables smart contracts coded in different languages and running on different blockchains to communicate. For Crypto Twitter: LayerZero stitches the advantages of blockchains together such that the developers of applications do not need to care about the chains underneath. If Bitcoin is the protocol for crypto money and Ethereum is the protocol for crypto finance, then LayerZero is the protocol for crypto internet and will truly make the “crypto” industry worthy of the “Web3” moniker. For the dinner table at Thanksgiving: LayerZero is like the internet, but for crypto, which is cool because the internet opened up communication to the world – email, social media, zoom calls, etc. LayerZero will do that, but for crypto – meaning finance will be open, with anybody able to move value, take out loans, swap assets, and stuff like that without going through an intermediary like a bank, or a potential censor, like a government.

transfer @USDT0_to between chains with no slippage Chain A Chain B send $1 receive $1 send $100 receive $100 send $100,000 receive $100,000 send $100,000,000 receive $100,000,000 oft oft oft

My newsletter stack: Deep Dives - @matt_levine and Money Stuff - @CryptoHayes and Entrepreneur's Handbook - @cobie and his Substack - @mariogabriele and The Generalist - @packyM and Not Boring - @joeljohn and Decentralised

hearing rumors that the ip is programmable

list of ppl i enjoy following in 2025. reply guys that i wonder how they have time to reply guy so much @mert @ErikVoorhees 2021 defi founders that still yap @kaiynne @StaniKulechov cool founders, but also thinker boiz @divine_economy @QwQiao tweet notifications i haven't turned off yet but might @VitalikButerin @blknoiz06 NFT adjacent non cringe content @LucaNetz @0xQuit 2024 chain founders @SmokeyTheBera @jasonzhao interop is solved maxis @arjunnchand @ldf_gm 2022-2025 founders with good vibes @sreeramkannan @leptokurtic_ heh, eth vs sol @jon_charb @KyleSamani real journalism @laurashin good takes pretty often @0xNairolf @tomkysar L2s (listed in alphabetical order) @BFreshHB @zainbacchus gf @agirlonchain find myself reading their tweets often @dabit3 @0xBreadguy foobar @0xfoobar vc writing but not cringe @bridge__harris @rainandcoffee vc yapping but industry related @nic_carter @CryptoHayes liquidity networks @0xLamps podcasters but not really @jillgun @andyyy washed traders but good hangs @Daryllautk @Darrenlautf

bitcoin is crypto money. ethereum is crypto finance. layerzero is crypto internet. V2 is a reminder of why we are here -- to build permissionless, immutable, and censorship-resistant applications. Don't trust others. Trust yourself.

Yesterday was the first 10,000 omnichain message day from @OrderlyNetwork! This makes Orderly one of the largest omnichain apps in the world. For context, LayerZero facilitated 57K messages in last 24 hours, led by teams like... -- Stargate: 27,600 messages -- Merkly: 5,590 messages -- Superform: 1,841 messages -- ZRO: 874 messages -- Ethena: 560 messages -- Gas Zip: 535 messages -- Aptos Bridge: 520 messages -- Apechain: 366 messages For external comparison on Orderly's usage, it was almost 2x that of Wormhole's largest bridge and 2.5x more than all of Axelar's 24 hour message volume combined. -- Portal (Wormhole's bridge): ~5,200 transactions -- All Axelar apps combined: ~3,900 transactions

u mfers talk about users a lot but i never see u hanging out with users. i see u at conferences and on spaces talking about infra. like, where are you talking to the users? how many users have you spoken to? what users have looked you in the eye and said the reason they haven't moved from polygon to degen was because block finality was more than 2 seconds? hm? users this, users that? there are no users. the users are priced in and the prices show that there are no users. the UX? not a thing. it's just experience. those clicks you are minimizing? devrel clicks from another infra provider testing out your infra. are these users in the room with us? are they on the same planet as us? idk. users, users users -- users are dead. long live users.

7000 TRUMP ($250,000) sent from @solana to @base. Tx cost: $0.002 Settlement time: 1 minute Bridge: @StargateFinance x @Ambient_Global Interop Standard: @layerzero_core OFT

self proclaimed top 24 crypto power couple

interop is not solved. i hate bridges. tradfi UX is so much better than crypto UX.

LayerZero in 1,000 Words Crypto is home to many confusing terms, and LayerZero connects many of these confusing terms together. Sooooo... I wrote this thing to, in the simplest way possible, explain @LayerZero_Labs. 🧵

every dollar. every stock. every commodity. every asset will be tokenized. every asset will move on crypto rails. every asset will be available to everyone. congratulations to @OndoFinance on their big launch, bringing forward the future of finance to today!

25868 TRUMP ($950,000) sent from @solana to @avax Tx cost: $0.003 Bridge: @StargateFinance x @Ambient_Global Interop Standard: @layerzero_core OFT

What are the best crypto newsletters in the biz? 1/

someone sent $4.5M of PEAQ from ethereum to @peaq for $0.36 yesterday. i love internet money. so cheap.

when vapp for that?

the problem i have with chain abstraction is that the destination chain is the most important part of a transaction. chains have vibes, and as a user, i want to be opinionated on those vibes by choosing where to deposit funds. for example, depositing money on arbitrum feels cozy and secure and something my parents would be proud of. depositing tokens on polygon kinda gives boomer energy and vaguely reminds me of my maker bags and defi summer and governance forums that don't work. if i want to feel like a millennial i hop on over to solana (lots of button clicking and failed txs, something i assume the millenials went thru during the 90s and such). throwing funds over to BNB chain feels like gambling but in a way i know im gonna lose but still feel happy about. dropping funds on Base gives me a quick exit to fiat and that makes me feel poor but kinda comfortable. holding ETH on Ethereum is a classic choose rich move, a lil treat for the cryptographic soul if i had to put a sentence to it. i could go on and on and on, but the moral of the story is that i think chain abstraction is going about this all wrong. users will want to choose the chains they interact with because chains have vibes and -- and this is a second part of a thesis presented all the way down here -- users also have bags invested in chains. a part of the tokenized culture we are creating is built on the idea that bag bias will lead to usage long term. i think a mental model is something like: buy bag --> feel loyalty to chain --> use the chain cuz of bag and loyalty. chain abstraction takes away the fun of opinion and loyalty and replaces it with cold hard aggregation -- which essentially just allows for USDC to be sent across chains with one click. this is crazy! there is a reason that nobody feels !anything! about using venmo -- it has no vibes and it's only for dollars (a thing that crypto is trying to disrupt and such (i think (somedays))). crypto makes people feel things cuz it's tokenized and fun and real and open and transparent (mostly) -- chain abstraction minimizes all of that for the sake of making simple transactions even easier. it's a tradeoff that i don't see making the jump from ideation to reality as currently constituted. on top of that, most of chain abstraction offloads tx building to a third party. "Users should stop interacting with the chain directly and instead use trading firm relayers to do so" is an exact quote from a chain abstraction founder. this goes against almost everything i believe in regarding building in crypto. just read that in juxtaposition to the bitcoin whitepaper abstract: "A purely peer-to-peer version of electronic cash would allow online payments to be sent directly from one party to another without going through a financial institution." building chain abstraction stuff that offloads all decision making from users to relayers is fine -- but it also sort of just recreates old systems with new middlemen. i understand that most users new to the space struggle with understanding gas and that fragmentation across chains is tough on UX -- but instead of creating centralized solutions to bandaid this problem, i would rather spend time on explaining WHY these problems exist: gas is necessary because txs cost compute, for example. gas on different chains is charged in a different currency just as different governements only take taxes in their own currencies, for instance. your usdc can't go from this chain to tjhat chain in the same way that venmo dollars can't be sent to zelle, is another example. these ideas are really not that hard to explain and i don't think that going full chain abstraction this early is the way to solve for UX in a way that onboards the masses -- instead, i think it is a way for a lot of people to use architecture that is not ready to be decentalized, permissionless, and trustless and find themselves recreating tradfi experiences in crypto (whitelisted relayers, censored txs based jurisdiction, payment for order flow, etc). anyways -- i'm still a fan of anyone building in interop. chain abstraction is a cool idea and all. i just think it's too early and isn't quite solving for what the name says that it is.

Shoutout to @dabit3 @omeragoldberg @SmokeyTheBera @hexonaut @tyneslol @isaaccyn for stepping up to the whiteboard with @PrimordialAA at Endpoint today. Covered some heady topics: 1. How can we bring truth onchain? 2. What is reserve currency of the internet? 3. What apps exist in a post chain world? One of my favorite things about layerzero culture is the propensity to whitebord and debate EVERYTHING. Glad devcon got to see it IRL. cc: @lexiemenyhart @rivatez @ldf_gm for the venue and vibes and overall flow

some thoughts on tokenization and layerzero medium.com/layerzero-ecosyst…

LayerZero is something new for crypto; something akin to Bitcoin and Ethereum in its ambition. Where Bitcoin recreated money and Ethereum recreated finance, LayerZero aims to recreate the internet… but this time in a way that is aligned with a cypherpunk mentality.

LAYERZERO IS INEVITABLE.

3 Implications of @eigencloud x @LayerZero_Core ⬇️ 1. largest coordination layer x robust communication layer layerzero is the most adopted interop solution, while eigen is the industry's most powerful coordination engine. together, they enable developers to launch cryptoeconomic dvns using any token, bringing customized security with measurable economic incentives for verifier honesty across 90+ chains. in other words, eigenlayer and layerzero are two of the most important "defi legos" in crypto—now intertwined, supercharging each other's strengths. 2. easier to evaluate dvn security apps can now measure security based on staked value and slashing conditions, making omnichain trust assumptions transparent and quantifiable. this framework also allows existing dvns to add cryptoeconomic layers, enhancing their current security models. think of it as a “yes, and” upgrade: a dvn using zk proofs can add an economic layer to its attestation, reinforcing trust. 3. apps can build their own trust-minimized dvns + permissionless building opportunities any app can now launch a dvn, stake its own tokens, and align incentives directly with their security needs. a dvn secured by an app’s own token that signs off on each omnichain message is the most trust-minimized setup possible (in my opinion). this should set a new standard for omnichain (and cross-chain) security, moving from subjective trust to financially-backed commitments that can be seen and verified onchain. -- in my opinion, this is one of the most important announcements of the year. layerzero is designed to be permissionless, immutable, and censorship-resistant. cryptoeconomic dvns amplify all three, but especially highlight the permissionless nature of the protocol. anyone can come in, build a dvn, and use it to verify omnichain messages in their app. this is the way. eigenlayer x LZ just strengthens security for things that exist on many chains—applications can now look at slashing risk to assess trustworthiness instead of relying on documentation or whitepapers. this is the way. overall, this framework is open: any operator, any token. the possibilities for security configurations are endless. it genuinely makes me excited about crypto and cross-chain development again. this is the way. super excited to see what’s built. big shoutout to the eigenlayer team—@0xkydo, it was awesome working together to bring this to life.

have been looking forward to this all week. just like how developers are trusted with choosing an application's security stack, developers are trusted to designate how its token allocation is distributed.

250+ applications Build Omnichain. Stablecoins. Lending. DEXs. Bridges. Infra. Gaming. Chains. NFT collections. LRTs. LSTs. Borrowing. Memes. 90+ chains. 135 million historical messages. $20B+ in value secured in OFT contracts. The omnichain future is here.

intellectual property, on every chain. @StoryProtocol x @LayerZero_Core ep. 1: the IP chain merch goes omnichain

PayPal USD x LayerZero on Wednesday. PayPal x Ondo on Friday. Mainstream. Adoption. Almost. Every. Day.

$420M cross-chain volume day for LayerZero. For comparison against market: -- CCTP did $106M in last 24 hours -- Wormhole did $293M in the last 7 days -- Hyperlane did $343M in the last 30 days -- Axelar did $237M in the last 30 days -- Chainlink did $170M in the month of July

Feb. 2020 --> wtf is a bitcorn? Aug 2020 --> went down the 🐇🕳️ Jan. 2021 --> paused college for crypto 2021 --> customer service @CoinLedger, intern + eco. dev @VegaXHoldings, editorial asst @Unchained_pod 2022 --> BD @lifiprotocol My story 👇 web3creators.com/stories/tru…

LayerZero here. LayerZero there. LayerZero. Everywhere.

have published 5 pieces on LZ so far. -- LayerZero V2 Deep Dive -- Tokenizing Alternatives With LayerZero -- LayerZero V2 Case Study: Clusters -- LayerZero V2: Explaining DVNs -- Automating Portfolio Management with LayerZero you can find all the links here 👇

the founder of chatgpt is guessing that in 2025, an AI agent might join the workforce. meanwhile, in crypto, @StoryProtocol already hired an AI agent in December 2024. accelerate.

friend tech, but in person.

visa publishing a research paper on account abstraction was not on my bear market bingo card.

The largest protocols in crypto are integrating LayerZero to tokenize assets on many chains through LayerZero's OFT Standard, a contract that extends ERC20s to 90+ chains. -- $10B asset issuer @OndoFinance adopts LayerZero's OFT Standard. -- @paypal USD, a stablecoin from one of the largest payment processors in the world, adopts LayerZero's OFT Standard. -- @arbitrum orbit embeds LayerZero's OFT Standard into the native bridge for all orbit chains. -- @WrappedBTC, a $12B asset, adopts LayerZero's OFT Standard.

LayerZero Doesn’t Compete With Bridges—It Gives Bridges PMF (As DVNs) Interoperability protocols often position themselves as all-in-one solutions, handling everything from message transport to verification to execution. But this monolithic approach is outdated—stuck in a 2021 mindset when there were only a handful of chains and limited verification techniques. Today, with hundreds of chains and rapid advances in zk proofs and cryptoeconomic security, this approach no longer fits the reality of blockchain(s). LayerZero offers a different approach. It doesn’t compete with bridges; rather, LayerZero gives bridges a platform to specialize and thrive as verifiers. Instead of forcing applications into a single model, LayerZero creates a modular framework where applications design their own security, and bridges compete as Decentralized Verifier Networks (DVNs) to provide it. What Are DVNs? Decentralized Verifier Networks (DVNs) are the backbone of LayerZero’s configurable security stack. DVNs are permissionless entities responsible for verifying the validity of cross-chain messages. They allow applications to customize their security by selecting any combination of verifiers based on their unique needs for cost, speed, or security. This flexibility creates a marketplace where bridges, validators, and oracles compete as DVNs, leveraging their validation technology as a selling point. Bridges Evolve: From Competitors to Verification Specialists Any entity can that can validate a message going between chains can be used as a DVN, which includes bridges, oracles, zk-proofs, etc. DVNs redefine the role of bridges in interop, enabling them to focus on what they do best: verification. Instead of stretching themselves thin by managing the entire interoperability stack, bridges can specialize as DVNs, using their core strengths to compete. Polyhedra, for instance, leverages its zk-based validation technology to provide highly secure, mathematically provable attestations for cross-chain messages. As a DVN, it focuses purely on zk-powered verification without managing execution or transport. Similarly, Axelar, with its middlechain approach and robust validator network, positions itself as a trusted, decentralized provider of cross-chain verification. Freed from the burden of execution, Axelar competes on reliability and decentralization and crypto nativity as a DVN. This shift benefits not just bridges but the entire ecosystem by encouraging specialization and innovation in the verification vertical. Ondo Finance: A Case Study in Security Stacks Ondo Finance’s approach to securing USDY demonstrates the power of LayerZero’s modularity. Instead of relying on a single verifier, Ondo built a custom Security Stack by selecting: -- Polyhedra for zk-based verification, -- Axelar for middlechain attestation, -- LayerZero Labs’ default DVN for an additional security layer. This setup showcases the flexibility of application-owned security: Polyhedra competes on zk verifiability and speed. Axelar emphasizes reliability and its reputation as a middlechain. Ondo plans to strengthen its stack further by launching its own DVN, adding a self-custodial layer. Why This Matters for Bridges LayerZero doesn’t eliminate bridges—it amplifies them. By enabling bridges to specialize as DVNs, bridges like Polyhedra, Axelar, Wormhole, and Chainlink can focus on their validation expertise rather than spreading resources thin across messaging, liquidity, and execution. Bridges compete on price, performance, and specialization: -- Polyhedra’s zk-validation expertise attracts applications that need cryptographic guarantees. --Axelar targets apps that prioritize fast, reliable verification. -- Wormhole and Chainlink can position themselves as trusted verifiers within LayerZero’s ecosystem. This modular, competitive model benefits everyone: applications get tailored solutions, and bridges gain a clearer path to product-market fit.

tokenization is solved. this is an event about what's next. layerzero hosts paypal usd, revolut, bridge, google cloud, ondo, paxos, fireblocks, etherfi, stargate, plume. stop talking about getting to market. start executing on going to market. Monday. 2-6 pm PT. NYC.

who wants to be a beta reader for a deep dive on LayerZero V2?

The one where @lifiprotocol meets IRL

gm i love bridges

In the past 4-5 months I've had to do a bunch of crypto-sleuthing whilst fact-checking articles, writing newsletters, and building out my portfolio. Here are 10 of my favorite FREE resources for crypto research/info. Hopefully this thread can save you some time 😂😂 1/

sigh. just spoke to a researcher who is writing a piece on stablecoin value accrual and they tried to pitch me on intents. guys. it's 2025. stablecoins moving between chains do so via messages, not market makers. for instance, USDT0 is 3x volume Across by itself.

open roles @LayerZero_Core

entire industry psyop’d into thinking intents solve interop 24 hr bridge volume shows otherwise 1. token standard 2. native bridge 3. token standard 4. liquidity pool

2022 --> 2025 eth --> cosmos bnb chain --> megaeth solana --> solana avalanche --> monad polygon --> arbitrum polkadot --> initia flow --> story dydx --> unichain optimism --> base tron --> tron fantom --> sui

a few thoughts from ethCC -- very excited for what @initiaFDN and @ItsAlwaysZonny is building. "modular" has become a bit of a meme, but I really like how initia weaves together layerzero and celestia into its VM agnostic rollup framework (evm, move, wasm). as rollup ecosystems go, i think initia is the most well thought out, realistic hub-architecture i've come across. also, for those who missed it, LayerZero and Initia announced that they are developing an interoperability standard for Cosmos, which should be quite interesting. nitter.app/LayerZero_Labs/status/… -- the @Aptos Parallel Summit was not well attended, but the speaker lineup and the conversation were well done. i spent an afternoon at parallel summit and found myself listening to great panels. specifically enjoyed hearing @tamgros, @jayendra_jog, and @stephenbuttolph debate L1s vs. L2s in the context of scaling. think stephen and matt should do an hour long podcast after this tbh. overall, the side event craze at ethCC was ridiculous -- ppl putting down Aptos specifically are showing true colors because many of the ETH events I went to also only had a handful of listeners. -- async vs. sync communication is coming back as a conversation topic for interop. i think @robbie_rollup said it best when he said sync = monolothic, asycn = modular. personal opinion is that async comms wins over long run, as synchronous communication only works inside hubs. -- the pre-launch chains won the week @monad_xyz and @berachain // // @berachain and @monad_xyz these are the two highest signal communities in crypto rn. while much of the events I attended were sparsely attended, every bera and monad adjacent spot was positively crammed with ppl you would recognize from CT. on Berachain's side, was fun to see @PrimordialAA and @0xLamps in the same room discussing Berachain using LZ (OFTs) and Stargate (Hydra). -- hot take: i think it's time to end the eth-centric vernacular for ethereum conferences. at this point, ethereum is too limiting due to L2s and EVM L1s. furthermore, we should just bring solana, aptos, bitcoin, sui, avalanche, cosmos and all of these nonEVM together and tear down the walled gardens we're building. at the end of the day, we are all working on the same thing. it pains me to spend a week with crypto ppl and see minimal bitcoin conversations or to pretend like solana doesn't exist. there are many non-eth conferences (consensus, permissionless, token2049), but ethCC and ethDenver still hold largest sway in my mind. -- panels/talks that aren't recorded should be banned. nobody is attending talks. if these conversations aren't recorded to be shared at a later date, the majority of talks are not worth doing. on the media side, getting next bankless vibes from @therollupco. robbie + andy crushed it as moderators all week. -- @PrimordialAA said something like "at some point, the industry stopped building for the worst case scenario" in response to a question about the low potential for IBC validators rugging a token transfer. this answer has really stuck with me. the reason i got interested in crypto (bitcoin really) was due to its potential to survive a state level attack -- both social and technical. for the most part, this isn't talked about much anymore. instead, it has become the norm to pause L2s due to hacks and to rely on just a few solvers for intents. ofc, there are roadmaps to credibly decentralize a lot of L2s and intent systems, but, atm, we're quite far away from surviving state level manipulation. end game for crypto (IMO) is to have the ability to build any financial application without fear of censorship at the protocol level, and for the application itself to be as censorship-resistant as possible. on that note -- i'm ready for a round of "censorship resistance" conversations to pop up on interop CT. i think the interop space has spent a long time discussing trustless, decentralized, and intents as terms and I'm tired of it... let's give censorship resistance a try.

how do i explain to my family that my entire net worth is in this photo?

think @eigencloud has done one of the best jobs of team comms in 2024. @0xkydo, @sreeramkannan, @dabit3, @ishaan0x, and @gajesh are always on my feed. coordination <> communication, embodied.

Why LayerZero in a Single Graphic.

the proliferation of differentiated chains starts 2025. abstract -- consumer berachain -- bear is on the chain initia -- opinionated L2 hub megaETH -- v fast chain monad -- parrallel EVM movement -- movement story -- IP interop connects them all. interop/acc

Tuesday -- @PayPal USD chooses LayerZero Tuesday -- PYUSD live on Stargate Wednesday -- lzRead, a new data primitive, launches Wednesday -- WIF and PEPE, two OFTs, go wild Thursday -- Ethena, EigenLayer, Stargate, Wintermute, AltLayer, Gelato are launch partners for lzRead Thursday -- @apecoin announces shadow NFTs with lzRead, using the primitive to prove mainnet ownership on Apechain. Thursday -- @AgoraGovernance announces omnichain governance, powered by lzRead Thursday -- @plumenetwork announces Skylink, an RWA yield service built on lzRead Friday -- @Ambient_Global announces treasury management, using lzRead Friday -- Endpoint: The LayerZero Event. 100+ ppl debating the hardest topics in crypto Time for a nap.

feeling optimistic this monday @Optimism

coinbase wallet powered by decent. decent powered by layerzero. layerzero connects zora to other chains. the omnichain is here.

0/ 10 NFT stats that will blow your mind A thread 🧵

feedback for devs building trading interfaces. my trump purchasing experience: - see tweet, checktwitter + truth social + old NFT sites. feel 90% certain it is real. - time to move funds. start on coinbase to buy sol. account was unlinked from bank. shit. stuck with funds on exchange then. - trade some doge for sol ($30 in fees). sent SOL to phantom wallet. - tried to swap SOL to TRUMP using swap button on mobile. didn't work. raydium in browser, slam buy about 4 times. finally goes through. - remember i have some petty funds on evm wallets. - find some USDC on Base and Arbitrum and Ethereum, metamask. - press their bridge button, it takes me to a portal page that charges me extra for bridging, lol. - go to jumper. eth mainnet to solana test tx. i use mayan. get a failed tx, lose the eth gas (very dumb, but i was stressed). gas costs something wild here ($50 maybe, was just click buttons, alas). - decide to not fuck with mainnet (duh, am idiot). - realize im idiot, go to base, send USDC to solana using jumper (relay). have to send to external wallet that was new and didn't have to save. a command c, command v nightmare, but got it sorted - relay bridges funds in less than minute, quite cheap (quotes less than $5 and i don't think much slippage but need to go back to check chain). slam buy button from usdc to trump on raydium. realize im out of sol. - go back to jumper, bridge USDC on arbitrum to SOL using relay again. costs me maybe $1 in total. - slam buy on raydium from USDC to trump. then take remaining sol and buy some trump. - deep breathe. overall, moved a few thousand bucks around exchanges + chains in 30 minutes. nothing crazy. - repeat jumper process on a few other chains, but end up holding usdc on sol and not buying cuz at this point trump had broken the $10B number and i actually looked at tokenomics (80% lol) a few takeaways * mainnet is obviously unusable in high pressure situations. * phantom is fast, but i think a normal person wouldn't have been able to purchase on mobile. having to use raydium in browser is tough * jumper worked well, shoutout relay specifically. i need to tag wallets better for evm to non evm, was a bit hectic. * chain abstraction is end state for wallet ux, i don't disagree. however, giving power users choice over which bridge/chain/slippage they want to use is gonna be important. i had to manually turn off mayan quotes on jumper. and it kept reloading and showing me my eth balance first (perhaps cuz it was highest?). if chain abstracted, i guess, let me choose the chain abstraction preferences? * most of this is still built for desktop. was toying around with a few different wallets on both desktop and mobile. mobile worked, but was laggy. desktop is clean, but doesn't feel natural. i want phone usage. * solana txs feel so fast and magical, same with base and arbitrum. shoutout to each of these chains. also messed around on bnb chain and avalanche and polygon last night. the gas token difference (not eth) there definitely stopped me from choosing to go their first wen figuring out when to move to solana. * i called a few friends and told them to buy but literally nobody wanted to or had capacity. simplest way was to do the debit card on the moonshot app, but i didn't end up recommending that cuz i don't know the company myself. * coinbase unlinking my bank account is super annoying. guess it was a beginning of year thing. funny that the hardest problem to get around wasn't the onchain thing but the centralized exchange thing. lesson in there. not hate to coinbase tho, they have biz to run and such. i prob missed a notification * after purchasing trump, following price in phantom wallet was terrible. need to make it easier to track. think it took five clicks to find the price. conclusion i guess this was a mainstream moment? but i dont feel like the experience was able to onboard anyone. very insular thing imo -- all of this feels like onchain liquidity flowing into a pit of trump. with no cex listing or onramp i had heard of (moonshot seems legit, but didn't know them beforehand), was hard to get anyone not already onchain into the token. would love to see onboarding experiences where the tx fees for debit to crypto was clear and simple. though i bet kyc becomes an issue there too. anyways, this thread is mostly just a UX feedback session for anyone building trading stuff in crypto. appreciate all the money legos i got to use last night. it is wild that i could move money around at 9 pm on a friday without using my bank or touching actual cash. crypto do be magical like that. specifically shouting out base, arbitrum, solana, raydium, phantom, relay, 1inch, and stargate as apps that worked when i needed them. shoutout to smart contracts, those beautiful autonomous companies. onwards and upwards and such. should be an intersting year.

dearest @megaeth, your website is too beautiful. best, kram

CT "who should I follow?" starter-kit. (kept it small, could be 50x bigger) threadooors: * @punk6529 * @cburniske * @adamscochran * @thedefiedge * @TaschaLabs

nobody is liking my tweets. has to be a shadowban.

Went down a weird rabbit hole and found @ryanzarick explaining why LayerZero is different from a bridge. 🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥 source: @Permissionless 2023 (so a bit old)

since jan 1, layerzero has shipped a new whitepaper for the most performant verifiable database in crypto, connected $138B of usdt across five chains, put an endpoint on telegram's blockchain ton, powered berachain's $3b boyco initiative and native bridge, connected pengu from solana to abstract, helped virtuals go from base to solana, added support for flow, connected story to usdc and eth and usdt through stargate's hydra, added an endpoint to unichain, powered the anime claim for azuki through lzread, put the v2 endpoint on aptos, helped funnel trump to both avalanche and base from solana via ambient, launched on sonieum, helped prosper/derive/levelusd/vana go omnichain with oft standard, and published two think pieces on stablecoins and ai. accelerate.

lol @lifiprotocol chose violence w/ this bio

oldest brother, i am. yet shortest brother.

if it can be built on a blockchain, it can be built on LayerZero.

classic example of a metaverse tweet that I only 43% understand but 100% retweet

the last 14 days have been wild.

if u dont have bryan notifications on at this point, idk what to tell u.

gf just looked me dead in eye and said she would leave me if i spoke about chains at dinner. needless to say — i cant wait to teach her about chain abstraction tonight.

kram*

frxUSD x LayerZero What does this mean? The most ever present digital dollar is live on 13 chains.

mini-essay #2 Crypto

The combined market cap of tokens that have adopted LayerZero's OFT Standard to deploy assets on multiple chains is $51.3 billion. For context, the total value locked into ALL L2s is $57.05B. Interop matters. Source: dune.com/outputlayer/layerze… Source: l2beat.com/scaling/tvl

haters will say im a multisig

this averages out to a .00000001448% fee for moving $2.9B into plasma both @USDT0_to and @Plasma are incredible tools for finance. i do not think there is a more efficient way to move money.

STARGATE V2 STARGATE V2 STARGATE V2

taking notes on 2024. my biggest mistake this year was not clearly explaining the difference between user-first solutions and developer-first solutions in cross-chain infrastructure. intents and chain abstraction are designed for users. their goal is to make cross-chain interactions seamless—fast bridging, one-click transactions, low-cost transfers. these solutions prioritize simplicity and usability, helping individuals move funds as easily as sending a text. interop protocols, on the other hand, are designed for businesses—onchain applications and token issuers. their focus is on solving complex cross-chain operations like extending to new networks, unifying asset supply, syncing state, querying data, and running computations. interop empowers developers to deploy applications quickly, operate across multiple chains, and maintain control over their security stack. the confusion (and a lot of unnecessary debates) comes from treating these two goals—user experience and developer experience—as if they’re the same. they’re not. they solve different problems, serve different audiences, require different trust models, and even monetize differently. i didn’t make that distinction clear enough this year, and that’s on me for letting the conversation get muddled. to be clear: crypto needs all the infrastructure—from interop to intents. the framing this year was too combative when in reality, these solutions work best together. interop takes businesses onchain, and intents make it easier for users to interact with them. this combination isn’t just important—it’s probably how crypto goes from mainstream to mainstay. here’s to sharper messaging and better clarity in 2025 :) interop/acc.

the end state of a world without friction should be abundance the current state of a world without friction is scrolling very nice blog by @kylascan on friction, linking below

rank these chains by TVL by EOY 2025: abstract, berachain, hyperliquid, initia, megaETH, monad, movement, unichain, story

LayerZero Design Principles Immutable. Permissionless. Censorship Resistant. Immutable. Permissionless. Censorship Resistant. Immutable. Permissionless. Censorship Resistant. Immutable. Permissionless. Censorship Resistant. Immutable. Permissionless. Censorship Resistant. Immutable. Permissionless. Censorship Resistant. Immutable. Permissionless. Censorship Resistant. Immutable. Permissionless. Censorship Resistant. Immutable. Permissionless. Censorship Resistant. Immutable. Permissionless. Censorship Resistant. Immutable. Permissionless. Censorship Resistant. Immutable. Permissionless. Censorship Resistant. Immutable. Permissionless. Censorship Resistant. Immutable. Permissionless. Censorship Resistant. Immutable. Permissionless. Censorship Resistant. Immutable. Permissionless. Censorship Resistant. Immutable. Permissionless. Censorship Resistant. Immutable. Permissionless. Censorship Resistant. Immutable. Permissionless. Censorship Resistant. Immutable. Permissionless. 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Ah, well @EthereumDenver declined a talk I pitched from @PrimordialAA on the QMDB whitepaper. Any chance this can be reconsidered? QMDB is open-source and hits the following benchmarks: • Reaches 2.28 million state updates per seconds with 15 billion state entries with AWS i8g.metal-24xl • Throughput scales nearly-linearly with SSD IOPS and DRAM. • Achieves 6x the throughput of RocksDB and 8.2x the throughput of NOMT • Scales to large datasets up to 280 billion entries (200x Ethereum state size) with 2.3 bytes memory footprint per entry. @PrimordialAA has not spoken on it publically, so think ETH Denver would be a great place to start. I guess I should have pitched something about memecoins or perhaps institutional adoption :)