Mini-colons display rich intra- and inter-tumoral diversity and recapitulate key pathophysiological hallmarks displayed by colorectal tumors in vivo. By fine-tuning cell-intrinsic and -extrinsic parameters, these mini-colons can be leveraged to unveil tumorigenic determinants.
Tumorigenic transformation can be spatiotemporally controlled by directing oncogenic activation through blue-light exposure, and emergent colon tumors can be tracked in real-time with single-cell resolution for several weeks without breaking the culture.