Rogue mathematician. "The product of mathematics is clarity and understanding." — Bill Thurston davidbessis.substack.com/

Replying to @davidbessis
I do not think "all intellectual labor will done", but I do think that AI will cause major disruptions. There's always been good and bad reasons to engage in intellectual work, and AI will make the bad reasons infinitely worse. davidbessis.substack.com/p/l…
9
30
219
50,540
Mathematicians: math talent isn't innate Neuroscientists: math talent isn't innate. Geneticists: math talent isn't innate. Old-school psychologists running mathematically flawed models on twins & IQ: math talent is innate because our models say so.
224
444
4,877
568,630
A simple math proof that math talent isn’t primarily driven by genetics. ⤵️
114
253
2,434
1,002,765
How I woke up one day and decided to solve a math conjecture from the 1970s ⤵️
33
244
2,735
592,492
My most ambitious post ever: we've been *wrong* about math for 2300 years and I’m going to *fix this* in a single Twitter thread.
99
200
2,277
708,943
Philosophers: logic is the foundation of mathematics. Mathematicians:
"While asleep, I had an unusual experience. There was a red screen formed by flowing blood, as it were. I was observing it. Suddenly a hand began to write on the screen [...] a number of elliptic integrals. They stuck to my mind." — Srinivasa Ramanujan
26
181
2,086
117,541
This Grothendieck quote is the best-kept secret about mathematics: Always start with your naive intuition, even if it’s plainly dumb, and then refine it by asking a barrage of “stupid” questions. Waiting in silence until you “get it right” will only lead to paralysis.
20
362
2,063
120,465
The #1 reason why we fail to teach math: we present it as knowledge without telling kids it's a motor skill developed by practicing unseen actions in your head. Passive listening is useless, yet we never say it. We’re basically asking kids to take notes during yoga lessons.
21
180
1,572
149,079
Why you don't understand math — and what you can do about it. ⤵️
30
225
1,391
330,622
This speech is a disgrace. As a young mathematician, I stopped talking with my physicist friends for the same exact reason: their reply to all my questions was always: "no, no, don't try to understand it intuitively." Nothing is counterintuitive by nature, unless you decide so.
Physics professor discloses in 1 minute the full insight of Quantum Mechanics.
152
72
1,275
307,841
Even math is infiltrated by far-left politics! I did a search on the math arXiv and discovered that Terence Tao has written 18 articles involving "inequality" in the title or abstract. Truly shocking!!!
$610,000,000 of Health Science projects funded by the National Cancer Institute include far-left political/DEI language like "latinx" -- 11% of Cancer awards by dollars $315,000,000 of those by the National Inst on Minority Health & Health Disparities -- a whopping 48% of theirs
38
68
1,232
55,983
A corollary of the No Free Lunch Theorem for cognitive development is that writing is hard, and it should be.⤵️
13
124
1,116
53,951
Most savage math paper ever. Would kill to publish something like this.
15
64
1,057
83,199
Non-mathematicians are deeply delusional about mathematicians. They vastly underestimate the incredible amount of first-hand, practical knowledge about the inner workings of human cognition that one must acquire to put oneself in the position of solving a major conjecture.
Mathematicians are deeply delusional about normal humans
26
67
963
61,738
Back when the BBC was based... Lebesgue integration on live TV 😱! Link right below ⤵️
11
59
818
40,669
Bill Thurston learnt to see in 4 and 5 dimensions. Here's how he did it: ⤵️
15
73
853
69,478
If "real" numbers are so "real", then why can't we implement them on computers?
The most intuitive explanation of floats I've ever come across, courtesy of @fabynou fabiensanglard.net/floating_…
152
43
816
155,217
"Mathematica, a Secret World of Intuition and Curiosity" is out tomorrow — phew! It took me 20 years to fail to write it and 1 to actually do it. Thanks @stevenstrogatz, Terry Tao, Hugo Duminil, @DrEugeniaCheng, @benorlin, Ian Stewart for the great blurbs! yalebooks.yale.edu/book/9780…
34
108
733
200,994
I’m very sad to learn that Pierre Cartier passed away yesterday. A long time ago, when I was a depressed 22 yo math student who was going through very hard times and had just abandoned his PhD, Cartier helped me get back on track. He tutored me during a full transition year, until I regained enough confidence to restart working on a PhD. I’ve always been impressed by how generous he had been with me & with other Ecole Normale Supérieure students. He was a legend, but with us he was incredibly patient, generous, friendly, fun. I remember spending hours in his office, chatting about Bourbaki’s Groupes et Algèbres de Lie Chapitres 4, 5 et 6 (one of the few math books I’ve truly read, on his advice) and life in general. This picture was taken at my PhD defense, where he was a member of the jury. On that day, he arrived only 5 minutes late. I considered myself lucky, for Cartier was famous for never being on time. Once, as Cartier was scheduled to give a talk at the Chevalley Seminar, my friend @RaphaelRouquier tried to play a prank on him. Knowing that Cartier was likely to arrive 10-15 min late, Raphael convinced the entire audience to hide in an adjacent room, pretending that everyone had left out of impatience. The prank failed because Cartier simply failed to show up. After 30 minutes, the audience started to worry that Cartier had an accident and returned to the seminar room — right before Cartier finally showed up, over 30 minutes late to his own seminar talk! He really was a great guy.
10
64
687
83,640
I would call that the "Serge Lang in the next office moment": when I was a postdoc at Yale, my office was next to his. As I was working on my first significant paper, I got stuck on a commutative algebra lemma. After wasting weeks, I knocked on Serge's door and asked him. In 1 minute or so, he explained why the lemma was trivial. The paper ended up in Inventiones and this got me my CNRS permanent job. When I think about how LLMs will change mathematical careers, I keep thinking about this moment.
I crossed an interesting threshold yesterday, which I think many other mathematicians have been crossing recently as well. In the middle of trying to prove a result, I identified a statement that looked true and that would, if true, be useful to me. 1/3
12
43
674
87,203
My coauthor is a ghost.
5
57
556
33,451
This is incredibly beautiful. And, yes, this really is what mathematical research feels like.
Andrew Wiles on the morning he discovered how to fix his proof of Fermat's Last Theorem
8
47
542
21,556
The irony is that I kind of agree with Sabine @skdh that most academic research is BS, even in math. This is one of the (many) reasons why I left academia. Yet her economic analysis is dead-wrong, and public funding of mathematical research is wise, justified and cost-effective🧵
Very revealing exchange here IMO. You can judge the quality of the claims yourself but fwiw this seems to me to be an argument against publicly funding public goods in general.
27
51
510
71,124
It’s like fractals. The 1% is insanely better at math than the 99%. The 0.1% is yet again insanely better. And yet again the 0.01%. The 0.0001% is a whole different species. I have friends in the 0.00001% and they scare the hell out of me. And then there’s Terry Tao.
7
27
502
62,163
Math geniuses rarely believe that math talent is innate. Just look at these quotes. You have 3 choices: 1. They're clueless. 2. They're joking. 3. They're revealing a profound truth, and we're ignoring it. What's your vote? Poll right below. ⤵️
89
38
484
65,154
One is luck. Two is a pattern. Three will be a revolution.
12
29
476
25,495
Incompetence in one figure: UN 2024 projection for India TFR: - fertility has declined at constant slope for 60 years - all recent data points toward a continuing decline - no other country succeeded at stopping TFR decline => yet UN predicts TFR to magically stabilize overnight
21
70
431
78,450
Hot take: most real numbers aren't real. ℝ is a cognitive illusion created by first-order logic.
If "real" numbers are so "real", then why can't we implement them on computers?
75
29
469
59,800
Lifetime achievement unlocked: answer a blunt interview question on a topic that matters to billions of people. quantamagazine.org/mathemati…
7
36
455
21,610
Grothendieck unpublished notes: a thread.⤵️
11
72
469
39,441
All that was easy compared to getting the paper accepted by the Annals of Math. The first 3 referees gave up and the paper was only saved by the 4th referee. The entire refereeing process took nearly 7 years.
14
18
489
41,414
Love this part: "the entire theory of crystalline cohomology vanished from the literature at the moment Antoine discovered the issue, with massive collateral damage [...] huge chunks of Scholze’s work just disappeared, entire books and papers vaporised" xenaproject.wordpress.com/20…
4
50
387
40,644
Like Einstein, Descartes thought that he had no special talent. In his view, what mattered was his METHOD which he claimed to have discovered by chance. He wrote that the ancient Greeks knew the method but kept it secret, because once you know it math becomes too easy. ⤵️
24
36
397
23,423
“You can't fit Terry Tao on a bell curve. You need a power law. This alone proves that math talent can’t be primarily driven by genetics. Indeed, to get a power law, you need a Yule process, which genetics will never give you — all you’ll ever get with genes is a bell curve.”
23
21
366
69,278
I disagree. Academia may work for some, but it didn't work for me. 1/ When you're not born into money, academic careers can be financially too tight to foster the indispensable long-term mindset. 2/ My understanding of the world progressed much faster when I was a tech founder.
The simple fact is that if you care more about understanding things than making money, the academy is, despite its many flaws, your best option.
10
14
386
90,564
Math is about reconfiguring our brains and reprogramming our intuitions. By ignoring this, we effectively refuse to teach math. We teach the cryptic symbols and convoluted formulas, but we never teach the secret art of making intuitive sense of them.
2
20
359
25,551
Second lifetime achievement of the week: have a Fields medallist comment on your LinkedIn post ✅
7
11
337
16,083
Both philosophies are dead-ends, as expressed by Reuben Hersh brilliant quip that “the working mathematician is a Platonist on weekdays and a formalist on Sundays.” (Quote is from his beautiful 1979 paper: sciencedirect.com/science/ar…)
3
19
330
52,654
Mathematicians, also:
Philosophers: logic is the foundation of mathematics. Mathematicians:
4
34
307
20,383
But unlike wealth, math talent manifests itself from an early age (Gauss proved crazy theorems in his teens) and is only loosely correlated with social background (Ramanujan was the self-taught son of a sari vendor.) en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sriniv…
2
12
297
50,355
So, according to the @NewYorker, the symmetric group doesn't possess symmetry.
The article also slanders non-commutative algebra.
9
20
322
28,109
People typically assume innate talent for *others*, rarely for themselves. What did Einstein, Descartes, Feynman and Grothendieck think of innate talent? Check out these fascinating quotes!
11
26
290
135,235
Math is based on a meditation technique called “logic.” It’s an imaginary game where we pretend that words have precise meanings and “truth” can be absolute. In this game, you can combine simple “truths” into more complex ones, just like with Legos.
2
28
297
21,777
Besides wealth, math talent is the most unbelievable form of inequality I’ve ever been faced with.
3
14
278
57,964
“The product of mathematics is clarity and understanding. Not theorems, by themselves.” — Bill Thurston en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Will…
1
13
264
21,241
For some reason, my first long form post is suddenly getting viral: it received 2x more views in the past 30 days than in the first 3 months. Link right below:
13
28
265
26,288
The 49 days were the easy part. The hard part was manipulating myself into thinking that my life depended on solving the conjecture. Once you’re crazy enough to believe that, spending 49 days alone & piercing through bedrock with a jackhammer feels kinda relaxing.
1
17
333
21,710
In medieval Europe, people thought most humans couldn't swim, so they didn't even try teaching it. In the modern world, delusions around IQ make math almost unteachable. Yet almost everyone succeeds at groking what used to be advanced research level math (Hindu-Arabic numerals, negative numbers, Cartesian coordinates.)
Replying to @QiaochuYuan
I have taught kids before, and you have to understand that half of the population is below 100 IQ. Getting them to memorize some mechanical techniques and then apply them to pass a state test is the best you are ever going to do with them.
4
40
268
31,970
Mathematics can't function without axiomatic set theory, but mathematicians do it every day.
16
14
260
88,937
Math works because when we play with our mental images using the fantasy rules of logic, our intuition becomes crisper, sharper, and more powerful. The real foundation of math isn’t axioms but neuroplasticity.
2
15
256
20,657
"We’d never accept anti-practice attitudes in other domains, so why do we tolerate it in math?" 👌
Math is a skill— like music or sports. Yet somehow, it's treated it differently. We’d never accept anti-practice attitudes in other domains, so why do we tolerate it in math? Here's @AlexKontorovich talking about this in my latest podcast episode. Link to full episode below.
7
19
254
12,869
To put this into perspective: the total amount spent on math research by the NSF since its creation is less than 1% of the market cap of bitcoin, one of the zillions things that wouldn't exist without math research.
The US National Science Foundation spends about $250 million (yes, that’s “million” with an “m”) funding math research (pure and applied) per year. ROI is actually incredible.
8
21
250
11,445
I'm honestly FED UP with the amount of IQ crap on this site. IQ 228 is a 8.5 sigma event with probability 10^-17 which only measures YOUR INNUMERACY And leave Hawking alone, who said this about his own IQ: "I have no idea. People who boast about their IQ are losers."
8
7
249
21,433
First, there was my personal journey: how I progressed from undergrad to grad student to career mathematician, the epiphanies along the way, how I broke through my perceived glass ceiling. In the end, it no longer felt innate, it felt more like there was an untaught “method”.
3
7
235
44,311
The answer, of course, is a subtle mix of psychological aspects (improved self-confidence & self-worth), material aspects (a nice apartment and a permanent job), scientific aspects (the gradual build-up of my intuition). The latter aspect shouldn’t be overestimated.
1
9
294
16,031
Richard Feynman: If all of mathematics disappeared, physics would be set back by exactly one week. Michael Atiyah: That was the week that God created the Universe.
3
17
232
10,811
It's time to come clean: when we *do* math, we’re not truly accessing Platonic entities that free-float in the fantasy world of perfection; we’re just *imagining* them. Math is a mental activity, a cognitive hack that transforms our intuition and makes us smarter.
3
17
236
21,059
IQ only follows a bell curve because it was arbitrarily defined to do so. It was designed to spot intellectual disability (which it does decently well) & the top end of the scale is uncalibrated and irrelevant (Mensa is for losers in Birkenstocks!)
My article on IQ. Turning out to be a small booklet. medium.com/incerto/iq-is-lar…
9
17
225
33,843
Why you can't fit Terry Tao on a bell curve, and why genius is too extreme for genetic determinism.⤵️
14
28
240
31,245
For about 10 days, I was stuck at square 1 with not a single idea. Then I saw a very dim opening. It was very technical, but gradually consolidated and clarified. I continued at the same pace for 49 days, without a single day off — until I posted on arXiv: arxiv.org/abs/math/0610777
2
7
293
17,713
"While asleep, I had an unusual experience. There was a red screen formed by flowing blood, as it were. I was observing it. Suddenly a hand began to write on the screen [...] a number of elliptic integrals. They stuck to my mind." — Srinivasa Ramanujan
5
11
223
99,247
Dear die-hard hereditarians: it's time to put your time and money where your mouth is! There is a unique opportunity on the market. Go ahead, raise money and buy 23andMe, which is currently trading at $23M. Sure, it's a long shot and it's risky: there are some liabilities and it will take a while for advanced polygenic scores to be legally marketable. But if you think that all human traits have extremely high heritabilities, then it's obvious that $23M for 15 million SNP records with full identity, and contact info and willingness to pay is a bargain. It's cheaper than a marketing database! If the science is sound, this data will give you a fantastic headstart to a mult-billion dollar opportunity 10-20 years from now. AI vaporware startups raise hundreds of millions for promises far less sexy than this one.
16
25
229
62,910
Sure, we mathematicians have no clue about quantitative reasoning and no first-hand experience of how one can retrain one's abilities (and neuroscientists have never observed neuroplasticity.) Old-school psychologists and phrenologists are so much smarter!
Replying to @davidbessis
Well the mathematicians, neuroscientists, and geneticists here are wrong. They probably don’t understand the difference between skills and abilities. Quantitative reasoning, sequential reasoning, etc. are important abilities for developing math skills.
15
12
217
37,543
Here's a rational explanation: the math "geniuses" are those who stumble upon the right mental habits, the special imagination techniques that drive neuroplasticity. When this chance discovery takes place in infancy, it sets you on a "superhuman" cognitive trajectory.
2
11
216
13,599
A long feature article on Grothendieck in the @guardian, with some actual reporting (which is quite rare on this subject) and photos I had never seen before. theguardian.com/science/arti… h/t @OlivierReims and @coulmont
7
61
213
28,788
I panicked and decided that I should be the one proving the conjecture. I started working like never before, 15 hours a day, 7 days a week, with full focus and dedication. At first I had to force myself, but after a few days it felt natural and I entered some kind of transe.
1
9
263
18,564
Last week I learnt 3 crazy things about quantum mechanics: 1/ Many people believe that QM is "the law of nature", which explains why it's "unintuitive". The situation is much worse than I previously thought. Not only did people accept the false idea that QM is inintelligible, but they actually drank the entire kool-aid of "QM is special" and "QM was made by God, not by humans". They completely ignore that QM is a *model* invented by *humans* to *make sense* of observations. They seem entirely unaware that QM struggles to account of important aspects of reality at large scales (anyone heard of General Relativity?), and that most things that were once viewed as "laws of Nature" have now been shown to be "approximate laws of Nature". Claiming that QM is inintelligible because it's the actual law of Nature is as absurd as claiming that Newtonian physics is inintelligible because it's the actual law of nature. The former is a bad excuse for not understanding Hilbert spaces, the latter a bad excuse for not understanding calculus. 2/ People have a really weird notion of what is intuitive and what isn't. People are mystified because QM represents physical objects by wave functions. This I can understand, given the degree of mathematical sophistication that is required to make sense of that. What baffles me is that virtually no-one is troubled by the pre-quantic notion of what was supposed to be a particle. Did people seriously expect matter to be made of tiny colored marbles??? You may discount my subjective experience on the grounds that I'm a "mathematically gifted person" (or whatever), but I've always found this "particle as balls" model totally confusing. How could something "elementary" have such a non-elementary structure, with an inside and an outside and a singularity at the junction? Seriously, am I the only one to have never been able to make sense of the old-school particle model? And to find that, intuitively, a wave function model feels much more appropriate? 3/ An insane number of people think that our intuitions are the innate product of evolution. This was the biggest shock to me. I honestly never imagined that so many people could have held such a crazy belief, in the face of the obvious historicity of our physical and mathematical intuitions—and in the face of the obvious changes of our intuitions over the course of our lives. In retrospect, the many chapters I spent discussing mathematical intuition in my book feel even more essential. I wrote them assuming that people had a fuzzy notion of intuition, not a clear and clearly false notion. I'm not sure where to start from, but if you really think that human intuition is the product of evolution, here are a few examples for you medidate upon: - Do have an intuitive notion of negative numbers, such as -2? Two centuries ago, most people found this notion absurd. - Can you intuit a perfect circle? Is it obvious to you that a circle isn't a square? If this intuition was innate, why did you struggle so much as a baby with your shape-sorting toy? - Is it intuitive to you that the Moon is much closer than the Sun? Is it intuitive to you that the other stars are insanely further than the Sun? None of that was intuitive 2000 years. - Do you have a good intuition of what is an "acceleration"? Do you realize that this notion was impossible to articulate before Newton and Leibniz invented calculus? - Is it intuitively obvious to you that a point in a plane can be represented by two coordinates, x and y? Do you realize that this was unconceivable until the 17th century, when Descartes *created* a conceptual bridge between algebra and geometry? - Do you have an intuitive understanding of "having a chance in a million to win the lottery"? Again, the very notion of probability *didn't exist* before the 17th century. Many people replied to me that QM is inintelligible because we're "naked apes" or "talking monkeys" who evolved in an environment that didn't prepare us for it. This is equally absurd as saying that we can't understand calculus because our evolution environment made us vulnerable to Zeno's paradox, or that we can't read fluently because it didn't prepare us for instant parsing of symbolic expressions.
This speech is a disgrace. As a young mathematician, I stopped talking with my physicist friends for the same exact reason: their reply to all my questions was always: "no, no, don't try to understand it intuitively." Nothing is counterintuitive by nature, unless you decide so.
43
16
220
35,451
Quite the contrary! The outlandish nature of von Neumann's abilities is a powerful argument *against* hereditarian myths.⤵️
the IQ pill is absolutely brutal. Game Theory, The Manhattan Project, Quantum Mechanics, Monte Carlo Methods, Entirety of Modern Computing, Entropy, Numerical Weather Prediction, Stochastic Computing, you just can’t compete with this.
16
11
207
39,992
Math isn't just hard; it’s also confusing. Some people struggle with it. Others are stunningly good and can’t figure out why. Meanwhile, the “unreasonable effectiveness of math” fascinates everyone. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Un…
2
3
207
23,296
I had worked 15x49 = 735 consecutive hours, with an intensity of focus which I had rarely maintained for more than 5 or 10 hours in a week, let alone consecutive weeks… I may have done more math in these 49 days than my whole time as a PhD student.
2
7
252
16,548
Interesting post from the other site...
10
15
212
12,557
It’s impossible to express how these 49 days transformed me. It’s not just about pride or recognition. They reconfigured my entire mathematical intuition, and even altered the way I think about math.
2
7
255
17,083
From the time of Euclid, there has been two competing approaches to defining math: 1/ through what it studies: numbers, shapes, structures… 2/ through how it functions: axioms, theorems, logical deduction…
4
5
202
55,586
These definitions reflect the two prevailing philosophies of mathematics: 1/ Platonism: mathematical objects “exist” in the ethereal realm of ideas. 2/ Formalism: mathematics is a mechanical game of syntactic deduction with zero transcendent semantics.
3
2
207
52,909
Like wealth inequality, math inequality never stops stunning you as you move up the ladder.
1
8
194
56,014
Height is the prototypal example of a highly heritable polygenic trait. And guess what? Real world distribution of height fits an actual bell curve! (Although some cheaters claim to be 6’0 when they’re actually 5’11.)
6
8
199
26,594
Which brings this crazy question: what prevented me from doing that earlier? I don’t know of any grad student or any mathematician who wouldn’t dream of spending 49 days in Hell and returning with the proof of a fancy conjecture.
3
7
255
20,385
Where do power laws show up in nature? Whenever there’s a “rich-get-richer” cumulative process over time — the technical term is “preferential attachment”, aka Yule process: wealth, fame, word frequencies, viral threads, city populations… en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prefer…
4
8
202
19,520
The math equivalent of a celebrity selfie: a picture I took in the summer of 2000, at the Yale Math Dept (you can see my reflection in the glass.) Many are gone now. Getting the chance to know them and have ongoing conversations was a life-changing experience.
8
13
208
14,426
When taken literally, Platonism basically asserts that mathematicians have a direct, shamanic access to higher-level truths. This is an excellent reason not to take it literally! ⤵️
32
13
198
15,638
To the point that math research sometimes moves at a slow pace: this preprint from last week is possibly the first deep application (within pure math) of a theorem that I proved 20 years ago, and which took 10 years to write up and get published.
2
12
183
8,022
This is why so many people assume that math talent is primarily innate. When I was a 20 yo math student, this is also what I used to think (which is a good thing: I now respect everyone’s opinion.) Here’s what made me change my mind.
1
3
175
45,897
"Successful math becomes so intuitive that it no longer feels like math." New long form post⤵️
5
13
178
11,495
I was 32. I had just moved into a very nice apartment with my girlfriend. I woke up with a start at 4am, thinking: “Wait, what if it was true? What if my research could actually help solve the 𝐾(𝜋,1) conjecture? What if someone else proves it? That would mentally destroy me.”
3
7
229
20,855
What a splendid irony: the extreme level of math inequality, which is the very reason why we’re tempted to explain it by genetics, is also the very reason why it can’t be explained by genetics.
3
10
171
36,952
This frustration is a key driver of our desire to engage the general public and attempt to redefine the public perception of math. This is why we insist on using words (such as “poetry”, “joy”, or “love”) that aim to reset the expectations (ping @stevenstrogatz).
2
8
185
38,006
Why would such a process be mistaken for innate talent? It takes place entirely in your head. No-one can copy what you do in your head, your secret mental tricks. You just get better and better. No-one understands why and they just think you’re gifted.
6
12
176
16,161
"Math is the act of refining your intuition by constantly exposing its weakness." Great aphorism, I wish I had written it this way!
starting to learn about grothendieck's model of practice via @davidbessis' phenomenal "mathematica" -- math is the act of refining your intuition by constantly exposing its weakness no surprise then that the main challenge can be the pain
3
17
175
12,796
Before I dive into the details, let me be clear: I’m not making the stupid claim that genes play no role at all. They obviously must play *some* role. I’m just saying that genes can’t be the primary driver and, in particular, that they can’t explain why math is so deeply unequal.
3
4
168
39,627
My main gripe with Platonism is that it perpetuates a false narrative. If math is about accessing mystical entities in a parallel world, then mathematicians are essentially shamans. Platonism turns math into an unexplainable & unteachable gift reserved for the privileged few.
4
9
173
19,192
This quite verbose hereditarian doesn't understand that a six year old *dividing* 8-digits in his head is scarily impressive in a way von Neumann's mathematical research isn't. If this feat wasn't apocryphal, it would be a massive data point.
tl;dr this is an iq 120 guy trying to debunk 160+ iq historical genius accomplishments using iq 100 normie standards for what genius is in(mental calculations in his head(which ironically von neumann was excellent at)/ memorization of facts and books/speaking 4 languages instead of eight from historians confused about sources) in a situation where normie iq 80 people can tell it has nearly zero relevance(the question of the correctness of hereditarian views is about intelligence in groups, not n=1 individual) usually i won't even bother to get on my high horse but since he has proven to be a continuous source of retarded takes about intelligence research (see his previous article on aristocratic tutoring and his attacks on the studies of precocious youth when he maliciously frame the studies as purporting to be useless because they are not rcts when anyone that actually read the studies would know that immediately because it is a study of seeing the effect of intervening on the smartest kids and their outcome! of course it is not a pure "rct") let's address the obvious elephant in the room. Erick Hoel have no understanding of the real significance of Von Neumann's work in any of the fields he mentioned(not including all the important things he just passed over and did not even mention or flat out got completely wrong in a way that suggest he did not bother with reading a wikipedia/or getting a llm to explain it to him) already we see the limits of this article proposing to explain "the myth of von neumann shooting lighting from his ass" The core problem is I see it is that he doesn't understand the phenomenology of being an incredible mogger like von Neumann and thus he debunks some silly stories told about von Neumann to impress normies but no one smart is impressed because von Neumann being able to multiple large numbers inside of his head or speak four languages or have a party trick for memorizing large amounts of texts at will(there are incredible dumb people who are capable of being all of these) impresses preciously no one important! the important bits of von Neumann's intelligence(like the stories of Danzig and linear algebra or Nash coming to explain his embedding theorems being immediately told by von Neumann what the real theorem should be)(or every version of stories like this or actual examples of his impressive mental calculation story is left out of the article for some reason) like maybe i am a elitist snob to demand he has a real understanding of anything von neumann did, but you can just read the stories of people who are remembered as the founders of entire fields and got nobels and countless other awards who come to von neumann to be immediately told they were boring and wasting his time essentially and he(von neumann) had the real theory! and then demonstrating it to them! Von Neumann had no need to steal other people's ideas, he was already an all knowing oracle in some ways!(he wasn't perfect and some of his fellow mathematicians also told stories where he lacked basic knowledge in some other areas of math and had to prove things inelegantly) (but there is no other mathematician who you would expect to know random areas they don't even work on, and von neumann famously knew "three tricks" let me steal the full quote here(it's ulam who he falsely say von neuman took cellular automata ideas from) "Von Neumann was different. He also had several quite independent techniques at his fingertips. (It is rare to have more than two or three.) These included a facility for symbolic manipulation of linear operators. He also had an undefinable "common sense" feeling for logical structure and for both the skeleton and the combinatorial superstructure in new mathematical theories. This stood him in good stead much later, when he became interested in the notion of a possible theory of automata, and when he undertook both the conception and the construction of electronic computing machines. He attempted to define and to pursue some of the formal analogies between the workings of the nervous system in general and of the human brain itself." (page 96) on the retarded shit he says about godel making von neumann's work on the foundations useless(completely stupid and wrong by the way, his method on transinduction stands see: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Von_Ne…(there is a funny thing here where zermelo supposedly had publishing priority on some of the ideas) and see: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Von_Ne… "In actual fact, during the Königsberg Congress, none of the eminent participants realized the full import and implications of the result announced by Gödel – with one exception: von Neumann. After the discussion the latter rushed up to Gödel and took him aside in order to get a better understanding of his demonstration. He then left the Congress in a state of extraordinary excitement and spent the next month working on the issue. Less than two months later he wrote to Gödel to announce he had demonstrated, as a consequence of the theorem of incompleteness, that the consistency of arithmetic cannot be proved. Gödel replied that he had in the meantime succeeded in obtaining this demonstration and sent him a copy of the article that had already been presented for publication." (Chapter 2, page 30, ISBN 978-3-7643-9895-8 Birkhäuser Verlag AG, Basel - Boston - Berlin The World as a Mathematical Game (by Giorgio Israel and Ana Millán Gasca)) as we can see here, von neumann was not just taking other people's original ideas and extending them(he was mostly independently proving things once he starts to think about a particular type of problem) he completely misconstrue the nature of dirac's book on quantum mechanics(the principles of quantum mechanics) what von neumann wrote in his book was not what dirac did! it was not just a notation equivalence. Dirac did not invent operator algebras or what later leds to c* shape algebras or any of the work von neumann did. Von Neumann(along with stone and banach established both the basic of functional analysis )and independently proved theorems that dirac did not consider and went beyond his papers on quantum mechanics) Indeed, he did this work because he viewed dirac's books and papers as not being fully rigorious enough for a mathematician!!(this part pissed me off the most since i actually read all of dirac's book on qm and most of von neumann's book(some of the math was beyond me at that point in my life and i can't claim to understand all of it) he notes that von neuman's proof that the hidden variables is impossible is wrong(but this seems to be argued by people who thinks following up people have misread von neumann or fallen prey to german translation issues see: arxiv.org/html/2401.04002v2) this doesn't even begin to cover the achievements of von neumann in domains of mathematics that i know nearly nothing about(ergodic theory and computational fluid dynamics being two simple examples) really I haven't mastered a fraction of all the stuff he got up to(i have read the theory of games and the theory of self reproducing automata that is coauthored by burks) but hoel's article is just wrong on every single point i do know about! it's crap. bro does not know jackshit about von neumann but he is here comparing his achievements to einstein and others(does he know anything about special or general relativity i wonder) he lacks the basic qualifications to even assess the smallest part of von neumann's works and he is here deunking what? some biographical details that got mixed up over time? his arguments about hereditarianism is laughable! he falls prey to the same mistakes that everyone trying to say educational interventions work/explain variance(he does not control for genetics, it's so funny his own sources note the ridiculous amount of jews in hungary at the time, if this is just the outcome of intense tutoring and good schooling(then why did not the crop of hungarian mega-geniuses continue!!) indeed, they were mostly the product of immigrant jews(who are strongly filtered on ability already by dint of being able to immigrant) his arguments against the role of ethnicity just highlighted the very thing HE THINKS ISN'T IMPORTANT. (what about class-mates who went to the same schools but did not turn out to be world class mathematicians?? what explains them) it isn't even worth considering. it is a terrible way to argue about group differences focused on one individual(or his fellow martians for that matter) (the ideal condition is to consider randomized people placed in schools/tutoring at the quality he demanded and see the outcome)(do the the asian cram schools produce mega-geniuses???they do exactly this! there are other striver cultures that rival anything von neumann went through in terms of sheer pressure and quality and they mostly don't produce shit) I suppose i should link to let the fair reader evaluate his words against what i have presented here but if you care to you can google erick hoel's substack because frankly i consider all of that article to be entirely trash misinformation and i am not about to give it anymore attention than it deserve(this is mostly catharsis for me)
20
4
176
50,971
Math inequality more resembles wealth inequality, which is the prototypal example of a power law, aka Pareto law. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_… Highly heritable polygenic traits cannot obey a power law. It’s mathematically impossible, period. QED
13
6
157
42,800
We've been wrong about math for 2300 years — long form version. A short thread of what's in this post ⤵️
7
18
174
26,449
In my experience, progressing in math involved hard work and a series of epiphanies: learning to listen to my intuition, discovering new ways of playing with my imagination & new tactics to overcome my inhibitions.
5
12
160
16,892
It's now pretty clear to me that my "creativity", what has allowed to prove theorems, write books, and reinvent myself as a tech founder, traces back to the crazy bet I placed, at 25, on my own neuroplasticity. "Creativity" is a just a shorthand for "reckless growth mindset."
6
15
160
7,825
Interestingly, Alexander Grothendieck *predicted* the average reaction to my post. BTW, I'm not saying that genetically impaired people can do math, but that genes can't explain the insane gap between "math whizzes" and "normal people". More details here: davidbessis.substack.com/p/b…
11
20
161
17,319
3. Be curious. Seek clarity. Leave no stone unturned. Whenever there’s something that troubles you, something weird or seemingly incoherent, something unintuitive, try to articulate exactly what troubles you. Think freely, seek mischief & then only use logic as a referee.
2
15
160
9,558
A shocking number of people believe that mathematical intuition is an innate talent. If kids believed that floating requires a special gift, swimming would be unteachable as lessons would turn into chaos. Kids would freak out and drown, or mutiny.
3
12
168
15,684
Glad to see that the world is changing, and students are leading the rebellion...
13
15
161
10,355
Until my early 30s, I considered myself a decent, second-rate mathematician. I had published nice papers in nice journals, but had never thought of myself as someone capable of solving “big” problems.
1
7
203
23,922
All my theorems were “opportunistic”: I had a random idea, spent a few hours convincing myself that it’ll get me somewhere, spent a week or so outlining a credible proof, then a few months filling out the gaps and writing an actual paper.
1
4
196
21,656