creator of Zod, Nub, Standard Schema, tRPC, and zshy 💎 building @pullfrogai 🐸 friendly neighborhood typescript nerd 🦆 prev @ bun, edgedb, mit 🏛️
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- Following 1,503
- Followers 26,360
- Likes 8,690
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Introducing Nub.
The all-in-one JavaScript toolkit that augments Node.js (instead of trying to replace it)
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sometimes I write code that weaponizes the insanity of JavaScript just to feel alive
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Zod 4 is now in beta!
💎 7x faster object parsing
💎 20x reduction in tsc instantiations
💎 57% smaller core bundle size
💎 metadata via .meta()
💎 z.toJSONSchema()
💎 z.templateLiteral()
💎 z.stringbool()
💎 z.int32(), z.float32(), etc
💎 z.file()
💎 new logo 😇
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Zod 4 is now stable and production-ready!
💎 7x faster object parsing
💎 100x fewer tsc instantiations
💎 localization in 34 languages
💎 recursive z.object()!
💎 metadata
💎 z.toJSONSchema()
💎 z.templateLiteral()
💎 z.int32(), z.float32(), etc
💎 z.file()
💎 and a new logo :)
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Introducing Zod 4.1 and its flagship feature: CODECS
z.codec() is a new API for defining *bi-directional transformations* in Zod
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been building a website for the last 3 days. meticulously crafted UI. 100 lighthouse score. sent it to my non-software friend for feedback.
her response changed my life
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whoa. I just found a way to properly infer recursive types in z.object() — no casting, no z.lazy(), no scopes/registries, no special syntax.
i've been trying to do this for literally years
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BIG DAY. Introducing Standard Schema 1.0!
It's a specification for a "common interface" to be implemented by all TypeScript schema libraries, written collaboratively by the the creators of Zod (👋), Valibot, and ArkType to promote interoperability.
standardschema.dev/
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didn't know this was happening....
OpenAI is using Zod for its Structured Outputs API 🫶
by very popular demand, structured outputs in the API:
openai.com/index/introducing…
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A simple general purpose memoizer utility for TypeScript
- lazily computes a value when accessed
- auto-caches the result by overwriting the getter
- typesafe
I use this all the time for deferring initialization or expensive operations. unlike a simple getter, there's no runtime overhead after the first invokation since the getter itself is overwritten with the memoized value.
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loving this pattern to avoid redundancy in complex class declarations...extract the props from the class prototype and use it as the constructor argument
✅ typesafe
✅ no redundant interfaces
✅ constructor becomes a one-liner
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Introducing zshy — a bundler-free batteries-included build tool for TypeScript libraries 🐒
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Zod's CI just failed after thousands of successful runs due to the world's most obvious race condition
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never occurred to me that you could pass a string template literal into Pick/Omit
typescript is so good
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or my personal favorite...
symlinking everything to README.md
Hear me out:
We should standardize rules files as...
CONTRIBUTING.md
Not CLAUDE.md, .cursorrules, copilot-instructions.md and all that BS
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i love my OrWhatever<T> utility that allows anything but still preserves autocompletion on some wrapped type
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Benchmarking Bun / Vitest / Jest against Zod's test suite
Bun — 230ms
Vitest — 1.9s (8x slower)
Jest + SWC — 3s (13x slower)
Jest w/ ts-jest — 6.7s (29x slower)
Jest w/ Babel — 7.4s (32x slower)
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new `merge` implementation just dropped and it was written by the actual god of typescript
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facebook dot com made react, jest, and graphql
and yet is slow, buggy, and littered with waterfalls. really makes you think
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i don't want to brag but I just wrote a GitHub Action that ran successfully the first time
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turns out RSCs are a shockingly pleasant way to make static sites
i'm as surprised as anyone
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Big news! I'm joining Clerk (for 3 months) as an OSS Fellow to work full-time on Zod's next major version.
Mad props to @clerk for being willing to experiment with new OSS funding models like this 🤠 Thanks @tweetsbycolin!
zod.dev/blog/clerk-fellowshi…
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Zod 3.20 is here! This is a big one.
🟢 `z.coerce`
🟢 `.pipe()`
🟢 `.catch()`
🟢 `z.symbol()`
🟢 `z.number().finite()`
🟢 `z.string().datetime()`
github.com/colinhacks/zod/re…
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a thread w/ 16 fully-tested Zod codecs to copy/paste into your app
✅ stringTo(Number|Int|BigInt)
✅ numberToBigInt
✅ isoDatetimeToDate
✅ epoch{Seconds|Millis}ToDate
✅ utf8ToBytes
✅ bytesToUtf8
✅ (hex|base64|base64url)ToBytes
✅ stringToURL
✅ uriComponent
✅ jsonCodec
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in the next version of Zod
JSON Schema conversion for z.file() schemas gets a lot better (and more OpenAPI friendly)
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it would shock you how often this has been proposed over the years by recovering Joi users
this API makes my skin crawl
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it never occurred to me that you can extract a return type from a generic method like this
super clean & powerful, feels almost like higher-kinded types
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i've probably used these shortcuts around 50000 times over the past 4 years
⌘-Shift-L — Insert "console.log()"
⌘-Shift-J — Insert "JSON.stringify()"
i will not apologize
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can't help but be angry that all it took was for one guy to come in and be like "okay but can we do it tho"
RE: Stacked Diffs on @GitHub
After discussion w @ttaylorr_b, we can implement stacked PRs/PR groups already (in fact we kind of do with Copilot) but restacking (automatically fanning out changes from the bottom of the the stack upwards) would be wildly inefficient. To do it right, we need to migrate @GitHub to use git reftables instead of packed-refs so that multi-ref updates / restacking will be O(n) instead of ngmi.
This will take some time but has been greenlit.
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Zod 3.23 is now available!
$ npm upgrade zod
✨ z.string().date()
✨ z.string().time()
✨ z.string().duration
✨ z.string().base64()
github.com/colinhacks/zod/re…
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✨ Zod 3.21 Release ✨
🦆 `z.string().emoji()`
🦆 `z.string().ip()`
🦆 `z.string().cuid2()`
🦆 `z.bigint().gt()`, etc.
🦆 `z.enum(...).extract()` and `z.enum(...).exclude()`
github.com/colinhacks/zod/re…
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in the absence of an existing convention, I'm adding these three fields to Zod's package.json.
making this stuff auto-discoverable would resolve one of the biggest usability issues with today's agents/IDEs. a simple convention here will go a long way. 🤘
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an underutilized pattern to add custom functionality to Zod:
create a "myzod.ts" file that re-exports everything fro zod. then define additional types/functionality in that file.
Any zod-experts that knows how I can achieve this:
'id: z .id()'
And inside there is a
'z .string()'
'.instanceof(Id)
'.default(db .id())'
'.map("_id")'
And when the schema is parsed, the default db .id is called.
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new nightmare just dropped
an ESM/CJS resolution bug that only manifests on windows
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it took ~10 weeks of work but Zod currently has zero open PRs
(this is not a challenge)
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here's a particularly ludicrous bit of code demonstrating the power of Standard Schema
a Hono route that uses three separate libraries to validate headers, URL params, and query params 😇
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Zod 4 support megathread! all major ecosystem libraries that support Zod 4
if I'm missing anything, link it in the replies 👇
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Big (belated) update: I'm no longer at Bun!
It was a wild ride, and quite possibly the most exciting DevRel role in existence. Big thanks to @jarredsumner for taking a chance on me, and best of luck to the team — you're all amazing 🫶
I've been enjoying a much-needed break after years of non-stop DevRel at EdgeDB & Bun. For the next few months I'll be busy working full-time on Zod and maybe some new OSS projects 🙃
Zod 3.23 coming later this week
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trying to convince a potential landlord i'm a respected open-source developer and not an unemployed beggar living on handouts
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TIL you can use the URL constructor to validate & normalize IPv6 addresses
strongly considering this approach for Zod
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just discovered that Zod had $8k of claimable donations sitting in a crypto-based OSS donation platform i'd never heard of called Drips
turns out Drips donated $1m of its (VC?) money to its own dependencies...and i will happily take it 🙃
drips.network
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I was playing it coy yesterday :) the release of Zod 4 will be accompanied by a new sister library to Zod: "@zod/mini"
its API mirrors Zod one-to-one, but it's optimized for tree shaking—more functions, less methods. for comparison:
zod/mini was also announced yesterday - 6.6x reduction in bundle size.
Absolute game changer for frontend Zod use cases
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Spent the last 10 weeks writing Bun's documentation and it just went live! bun.sh/docs
The site is built from scratch with Bun + Tailwind + Markdoc (which rules!) and fully designed by yours truly 🤗
Most proud of the star wars meme tho
bun.sh/blog/bun-has-docs-now…
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every so often I'm reminded that the whole typescript ecosystem is just gibberish I've memorized
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add this to keybindings.json to give TS/Intellisense suggestions precedence over Cursor autocomplete
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Bun 1.0 🫶
bun.sh/blog/bun-v1.0
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Really digging `azs` from @alistaiir — "Amplify Zod Schemas" 😍
Augment the return type of your Zod schemas with methods:
github.com/alii/azs#readme
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new blog post 👇 it breaks down a few approaches to configuring "live types" in TypeScript monorepos. you should never need to run `build` while developing!
1. tsconfig paths
2. custom export conditions
3. publishConfig (*my recommended solution)
colinhacks.com/essays/live-t…
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petition to switch the JS ecosystem to snake_case naming when
readable code is simple - you have primary functions that compose together a bunch of smaller functions
when i wrote elixir this was natural to do
i've realized after years in ts my habits eroded for the following reasons
1. extracting out logic into a function is more overhead because you have to write out argument types. sometimes these are complex inferred types you wouldn't have to articulate when logic is inline
2. lack of pipe operator - having a lot of small functions is less fun when you need to name intermediary variables to name every step
3. camel case - i hate camel case and small functions usually can't be one word. `checkUsage` vs `check_usage`
trying to be more aware of this because it's biasing me towards fat unreadable functions
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TIL the official MCP TypeScript SDK still doesn't support Zod 4. it's the most upvoted issue by a wide margin, and multiple high-quality PRs have already been submitted addressing this.
if you work on the MCP SDK at @AnthropicAI DM me and let's get this figured out 🤙
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trying to find a regex that reflects the latest ISO 8601-2:2019(en) extensions to interval formats
stack overflow:
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Nuxt now works with Bun!
Upgrade to Bun v0.8 and follow our Bun + @nuxt_js guide to try it
✅ bun.sh/guides/ecosystem/nuxt
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To be fair it was a great PR
Hey @colinhacks I paid @jetpackjoe_ $100 to make this PR, pls merge <3 github.com/colinhacks/zod/pu…
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in the last 6 weeks Zod has gone from 103 open PRs to 3
many of those were merged into a branch called `v4` 👀
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Zod 3.22.0 has been released
It introduces `.readonly()` which calls Object.freeze() on the result after parsing. Here are some examples with their inferred types:
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the holy grail of TS library build tools doesn't exist imo
1) declarative tshy-style entrypoint map—see pic
2) 1:1 transpilation (no bundling) of all files reachable from entrypoints
3) generates .mjs/.cjs for unambiguous resolution
4) writes "exports" to package.json
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aaaaannnd it's getting merged in typescript@5.9! 🥳
this one-liner PR to typescript would make recursive inference far more elegant in Zod. super valuable for schema libraries, ORMs, anything that represents recursive types. the TS team has a LOT going on right now but fingers crossed🤞 @AndaristRake
github.com/microsoft/TypeScr…
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